“力学动态”文摘，第8卷，第3期，2009年11月10日

本期编辑：陈文   雷冬  徐青艳

江苏省南京市西康路1号河海大学工程力学系（邮编:210098）

投稿信箱：mechbrief@hhu.edu.cn

过刊浏览与下载：http://em.hhu.edu.cn/mechbrief/

订阅或退订网址：http://em.hhu.edu.cn/mechbrief/register.html

编者按：《力学动态》文摘邮件列表目前由河海大学工程力学系维护，依托于江苏省力学学会信息工作部。

                 每月10日和25日发送，免费订阅、自由退订。欢迎发布信息、交流体会、共享经验。

本期目录：

     ◆ 新闻报道

    ² 中国航天之父钱学森逝世

    ² “2009年中国力学学会全国徐芝纶力学优秀教师奖”获奖名单公布

    ² 第三届亚太国际工程中计算方法学术会议暨第九届全国工程中边界元、无网格等数值方法学术会议在河海大学顺利召开

    ² 工程中的关键固体力学问题研讨会墍华东六省一市固体力学联络委员会议顺利召开

     ◆ 学术会议

    ² 力学与创新型人才培养高层论坛暨力学创新型人才培养研讨会

    ² 多物理场耦合计算仿真学术研讨会

    ² The Tenth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology

    ² The 20th International Workshop on Computational Mechanics of Materials

    ² The 8th International Conference on Fracture & Strength of Solids 2010 (FEOFS 2010)

     ◆ 招生招聘

    ² PhD Research Position on Modelling of Sonochemical Reactors

    ² Post-doc urgently need at Oxford - Modelling of composites

    ² Postdoctoral position on computational mechanics

    ² PhD Student in Soil Mechanics at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne

     ◆ 论著期刊

    ² Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of SolidsVolume 57, Issue 12, Pages 1921-1998 (December 2009)
    ² Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages 367-484 (2009)

     ◆ 力学人物
    ² 中国航天之父钱学森

    ◆ 网络精华

    ² 官方公布钱学森生平 开创中国十一个“第一”

    ² 钱学森语录——悼念钱学森先生

    ² 钱学森的博士论文

    ² 纽约时报关于钱学森的报道

    ◆ 新书推介

    ² meshfree methods:moving beyond the finite element method,second edition

    ² Introduction to MicromechanicsKhanh Chau Le (Institute of Mechanics, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. Bochum, Germany)

     新闻报道
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　中国航天之父钱学森逝世

（摘自科学网）

享誉海内外的杰出科学家和我国航天事业的奠基人，中国科学院、中国工程院资深院士，中国人民政治协商会议第六届、七届、八届全国委员会副主席钱学森，因病于2009年10月31日8时6分在北京逝世，享年98岁。

（钱学森简历见本期“力学人物”；纪念钱学森文摘见本期“网络精华”。）

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(中国力学学会教育工作委员会供稿)
 

（上海市力学学会供稿）
 

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 学术会议
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　力学与创新型人才培养高层论坛暨力学创新型人才培养研讨会

(河海大学工程力学系)

主办单位：河海大学，中国力学学会教育工作委员会

承办单位：河海大学力学与材料学院，江苏省力学学会

时间、地点与内容：

一、13日下午4点，河海大学力学系会议室，由北航王琪教授报告《怎样讲好理论力学课》。

二、14日下午2点，河海大学闻天馆108，举行高层论坛，报告有：

1、程耿东院士（原大连理工大学校长），重视力学学科，培养技术科学精英人才；

2、李家春院士（中国力学学会理事长），坚持素质教育，培养优秀人才；

3、余寿文教授（原清华大学副校长，全国工程教育专业认证专家委员会常务副主任），微尺度力学与固体力学的发展；

4、冯朝纲教授（台湾淡江大学教授），工科学系课程规划与人才培养

5、王琪教授（首届国家名师奖与本届徐芝纶力学奖一等奖获得者），强化基础与培养创新意识。

在王琪报告前为他颁发徐芝纶力学奖。

三、15日上午8点半，河海大学闻天馆104，举行研讨会，报告有：

1、庄茁教授（清华大学航天航空学院党委书记），探索力学专业创新型人才培养的新模式；

2、王建祥教授（北京大学力学系系主仛），承前启后，继往开来—北京大学力学的人才培养；

3、黄志龙教授（浙江大学力学系系主仛），浙大工程力学教学的一些探索；

4、许金泉教授（上海交大工程力学系系主仛），上海交大工程力学专业进行创新型人才培养的实践；

5、南航大航空宇航学院举办钱伟长班经验，题目待定；

6、何小元教授（东南大学力学系系主任），人尽其才是人才培养的根本目的

7、宋瑞平（河海大学大禹学院），题目待定。

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　 多物理场耦合计算仿真学术研讨会
(上海市力学学会网站)

上海市力学学会将于2009年11月17日在上海交通大学举办“多物理场仿真计算学术研讨会”。此次会议由上海市力学学会计算力学专业委员会、中仿科技和COMSOL公司承办。会议将围绕多物理场耦合数学建模、计算方法、软件开发和工程应用等问题开展经验交流活动。会上还将免费赠送最新多物理场耦合分析软件COMSOL Multiphysics V4.0。热忱欢迎从事力学、航空航天工程、土木工程、船舶与海洋工程、水利工程、环境科学与工程等领域研究的专家、学者、工程技术人员和研究生参加会议。

一、征文要求及办法

投递1页详细摘要（包括题目、作者（单位）、摘要、关键词、作者通讯地址、电话、E-mail地址）。请将详细摘要的Word文件作为E-mail附件发给联系人。投稿截止日期：2009年10月31日。联系人：胡振东（E-mail: zdhu@tongji.edu.cn）

二、会议安排

1 会议时间：2009年11月17日，9：00—17：00。

2 会议地点：上海市徐汇区华山路1954号.上海交通大学.浩然高科技大厦一楼102学术交流厅.

3 参会费用：本次会议不收取会务费，免费提供自助午餐。

三、报名方式

任选以下两种方式进行报名：

发邮件至demy@cntech.com.cn；或传真至021-64391506。

进入中仿科技公司主页http://www.cntech.com.cn/，点击在线报名填写报名表。

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　The Tenth International Conference on Computational Structures Technology
(http://civil-comp.com/conf/cst2010.htm）

This is the Tenth Conference in the Computational Structures Technology series that commenced in 1991. Previous venues for the conference have included: Budapest, Edinburgh, Prague, Leuven, Lisbon, Gran Canaria and Athens. The conference is concerned with the application of the latest computational technology to structural mechanics and engineering. Computational Technology encompasses both the latest hardware and software developments as well as algorithmic and theoretical techniques.

The conference is concerned with both theoretical, mathematical and scientific developments as well as applications of established technology to new domains. The word Structures is interpreted in its widest sense.

The conference runs concurrently with the Seventh International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology. Participants may attend sessions from either conference.

Abstract submission 15 November 2009

Conference website: http://civil-comp.com/conf/cst2010.htm

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　 The 20th International Workshop on Computational Mechanics of Materials
(http://imechanica.org)

The 20th International Workshop on Computational Mechanics of Materials (IWCMM 2010) will be held on 8-10 September 2010 at Loughborough University, UK. Selected papers will be published in a Special Issue of Computational Materials Science by Elsevier.

Topics:

Multi-scale material modelling

Nano-, micro- and meso-mechanical modelling

Atomistic simulations

Advanced modelling schemes

Nonlocal models

Damage and fracture

Crystal plasticity

Cyclic loading and fatigue

Dynamic and impact loading

Metals, alloys, ceramics, polymers, composites

Multiphase materials

Bio-materials

Materials for electronics

Foams and cellular materials

Coatings and films

Sports materials

Size-dependent properties

Conference website: http://iwcmm.lboro.ac.uk

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　 The 8th International Conference on Fracture & Strength of Solids 2010 (FEOFS 2010)
(http://imechanica.org)

The 8th International Conference on Fracture & Strength of Solids 2010 (FEOFS 2010) scheduled to be held in in Malaysia from 7th to 9th June 2010, at the Istana Hotel, Kuala Lumpur.

Conference website: http://www.feofs2010.com/

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招生招聘
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　PhD Research Position on Modelling of Sonochemical Reactors

（http://www.wessex.ac.uk）

Applications are invited, from suitably qualified candidates, to work in the field of Modelling of Sonochemical Reactors. The main objective of the project is design of production line for medical antibacterial textiles by use of sonochemical reactors and nanotechnology. The post will demand some theoretical work on the model development as well as numerical modelling for obtaining solution of the problem.

Applicants are expected to hold a good first degree in Engineering, Mathematics or Physical Sciences. It would be beneficial if the applicant has experience in numerical modelling of waves or fluid flow. Previous experience in programming is desirable. The successful candidate will be registered for a PhD degree and will have a stipend covering the living expenses and fees. The position is for three years.

Applications including your CV, cover letter and contact details of three referees should be sent, preferably by email, to:Prof. Viktor Popov Wessex Institute of Technology. Email: viktor@wessex.ac.uk.

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　Post-doc urgently need at Oxford - Modelling of composites

（http://imechanica.org/）

Grade 7: Salary ￡28,839 - ￡35,469 p.a.

We are seeking a well-organised and motivated individual to work on an EPSRC/Dstl funded research project, aimed at developing novel methodologies for numerical simulation of deformation and failure of composite materials at multiple length scales in impact engineering of marine structures. Based at Engineering Science, Parks Road, Oxford this post is available immediately for three years.

You will be responsible for the development of deterministic and stochastic modelling techniques for predictive modelling of the response of composite materials to impact loading, the development of supporting experimental techniques, the writing of reports and journal publications and the production of documented software.

An application pack may be obtained by telephoning 01865 273013 or by email to administrator@eng.ox.ac.uk.Please quote reference DF09071 in all correspondence. The closing date for applications is noon on Wednesday 11 November 2009.

Conference website:http://imechanica.org/

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　Postdoctoral position on computational mechanics

（http://imechanica.org/）

We have an opening for a postdoctoral scholar in the area of computational mechanics. Specific problems of interest include molecular dynamics and meshless method for continuum damage mechanics. Rich experience of C++, X-windows image processing, and Fortran programming is required. Contact: Professor Jung-Wuk Hong at Michigan State University. Email: jwh at egr dot msu dot edu.

Conference website:http://imechanica.org/

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　PhD Student in Soil Mechanics at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne

（http://imechanica.org/）

A position for a PhD student-assistant is now open in the laboratory of soil mechanics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL). The proposed subject on the issue of environmental geomechanics (to be changed/ completed if needed) is a part of the research & development activities within the laboratory of soil mechanics (LMS). PhD works might be of experimental or modelling nature or both, relying on state-of-the art laboratory equipment and computational resources. The hired PhD student will also work as a teaching assistant for the civil engineering section of EPFL.

Candidates should own an Engineering Degree, an Advanced Master of studies or more, and a strong interest in Mechanics of solids and fluids and environmental issues. All nationalities are welcome, top rated students are favoured. More information on the Soil mechanics laboratory can be found on our website http://lms.epfl.ch/en

Suitable, highly-motivated candidates should send electronic applications (as a single PDF) to Prof. Lyesse Laloui lyesse.laloui@epfl.ch with copy to Mrs. karine.barone@epfl.ch .The application file will include a cover letter describing interests and qualifications for the position and a complete curriculum vitae. If selected, the candidate will have to meet the requirements of EPFL doctoral school before being hired at LMS.

Conference website:http://imechanica.org/

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论著期刊
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　Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of SolidsVolume 57, Issue 12, Pages 1921-1998 (December 2009

Stress field at a sliding frictional contact: Experiments and calculations
Pages 1921-1933
J. Scheibert, A. Prevost, G. Debrégeas, E. Katzav, M. Adda-Bedia

Subsonic semi-infinite crack with a finite friction zone in a bimaterial
Pages 1934-1957
Y.A. Antipov

Localised knife waves in a structured interface
Pages 1958-1979
Gennady S. Mishuris, Alexander B. Movchan, Leonid I. Slepyan

On probabilistic aspects in the dynamic degradation of ductile materials
Pages 1980-1998
Hervé Trumel, François Hild, Gilles Roy, Yves-Patrick Pellegrini, Christophe Denoual

Engineering Fracture Mechanics
Volume 76, Issue 17, Pages 2561-2654 (November 2009)
Special Issue on the Damage Tolerance of Railway Rails

Introduction to the damage tolerance behaviour of railway rails – a review
Pages 2563-2601
U. Zerbst, R. Lundén, K.-O. Edel, R.A. Smith

Application of fracture mechanics methods to rail design and maintenance
Pages 2602-2611
J. Plu, S. Bondeux, D. Boulanger, R. Heyder

Rail rolling contact fatigue dependence on friction, predicted using fracture mechanics with a three-dimensional boundary element model
Pages 2612-2625
D.I. Fletcher, L. Smith, A.Kapoor

A comprehensive approach for modeling fatigue and fracture of rails
Pages 2626-2636
K. Dang Van, M.H. Maitournam, Z. Moumni, F. Roger

Damage tolerance investigations on rails
Pages 2637-2653
Uwe Zerbst, Manfred Schödel, René Heyder
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　Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages 367-484 (2009

A two-parameter friction model (Pages 367-370)
A.V. Karapetyan

The brachistochrone problem for a disc (Pages 371-378)
L.D. Akulenko

The invariant manifolds of systems with first integrals (Pages 379-384)
V.D. Irtegov, T.N. Titorenko

The motion of a railway wheelset (Pages 385-394)
V.G. Vil’ke

The dynamics of a “flexible-rotor/limited-power-excitation-source” system (Pages 395-402)
N.N. Verichev, S.N. Verichev, V.I. Yerofeyev

Bifurcation in a time-optimal problem for a second-order non-linear system (Pages 403-410)
S.A. Reshmin

Extremal aiming in problems with an unknown level of dynamic disturbance (Pages 411-420)
S.A. Ganebnyi, S.S. Kumkov, V.S. Patsko

The conservation laws and group properties of the equations of gas dynamics with zero velocity of sound (Pages 421-425)
Yu. A. Chirkunov

The design of the iso-velocity contour for the flow past the base of a dam with a confining bed (Pages 426-433)
E.N. Bereslavskii

Solution of plane seepage problems for a multivalued seepage law when there is a point source (Pages 434-442)
I.B. Badriyev, O.A. Zadvornov, L.N. Ismagilov, E.V. Skvortsov

Dynamics of the pressure relaxation in a “depressurized” borehole (Pages 443-448)
R.M. Khafizov, I.G. Khusainov, V. Sh. Shagapov

The layered element method in the dynamic theory of elasticity (Pages 449-456)
Ye.V. Glushkov, N.V. Glushkova, A.A. Yeremin, V.V. Mikhas’kiv

The propagation of shock waves in anisotropic materials (Pages 457-463)
A.A. Luk’yanov, V.B. Pen’kov

An energy approach to the proof of the existence of Rayleigh waves in an anisotropic elastic half-space (Pages 464-470)
I.V. Kamotskii, A.P. Kiselev

The contact problem for a piecewise-homogeneous plane with a semi-infinite inclusion (Pages 471-477)
R.D. Bantsuri, N.N. Shavlakadze

The transient retardation of a rectilinear viscoplastic flow when the loading stresses are abruptly removed (Pages 478-482)
A.A. Burenin, L.V. Kovtanyuk, A.V. Lushpei

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 力学人物
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　中国航天之父钱学森

钱学森，1911年12月11日生，浙江杭州人，1959年8月加入中国共产党，博士学位。

1929年至1934年在上海交通大学机械工程系学习，毕业后报考清华大学留美公费生，录取后在杭州笕桥飞机场实习。1935年至1939年在美国麻省理工学院航空工程系学习，获硕士学位。1936年至1939年在美国加州理工学院航空与数学系学习，获博士学位。1939年至1943年任美国加州理工学院航空系研究员。1943年至1945年任美国加州理工学院航空系助理教授（其间：1940年至1945年为四川成都航空研究所通信研究员）。1945年至1946年任美国加州理工学院航空系副教授。1946年至1949年任美国麻省理工学院航空系副教授、空气动力学教授。1949年至1955年任美国加州理工学院喷气推进中心主任、教授。

1955年回国。1955年至1964年任中国科学院力学研究所所长、研究员，国防部第五研究院院长。1965年至1970年任第七机械工业部副部长。1970年至1982年任国防科工委科学技术委员会副主任，中国科协副主席。还历任中国自动化学会第一、二届理事长，中国宇航学会、中国力学学会、中国系统工程学会名誉会长，中科院主席团执行主任、数学物理学部委员。1986年至1991年5月任中国科协第三届全委会主席。1991年5月在中国科协第四次全国代表大会上当选为科协名誉主席。1992年4月被聘为中科院学部主席团名誉主席。1994年6月当选为中国工程院院士。

钱学森是中共第九至十二届中央候补委员，第六、七、八届全国政协副主席。是中国航天科技事业的先驱和杰出代表，被誉为“中国航天之父”和“火箭之王”。在美学习研究期间，与他人合作完成的《远程火箭的评论与初步分析》，奠定了地地导弹和探空火箭的理论基础；与他人一起提出的高超音速流动理论，为空气动力学的发展奠定了基础。1956年初，向中共中央、国务院提出《建立我国国防航空工业的意见书》。同年，国务院、中央军委根据他的建议，成立了导弹、航空科学研究的领导机构——航空工业委员会，并被任命为委员。1956年，受命组建中国第一个火箭、导弹研究所——国防部第五研究院并担任首任院长。他主持完成了“喷气和火箭技术的建立”规划，参与了近程导弹、中近程导弹和中国第一颗人造地球卫星的研制，直接领导了用中近程导弹运载原子弹“两弹结合”试验，参与制定了中国近程导弹运载原子弹“两弹结合”试验，参与制定了中国第一个星际航空的发展规划，发展建立了工程控制论和系统学等。在空气动力学、航空工程、喷气推进、工程控制论、物理力学等技术科学领域作出了开创性贡献。是中国近代力学和系统工程理论与应用研究的奠基人和倡导人。

1957年获中国科学院自然科学一等奖。1979年获美国加州理工学院杰出校友奖。1985年获国家科技进步特等奖。1989年获“小罗克韦尔奖章”、“世界级科技与工程名人”奖和国际理工研究所名誉成员称号。1991年10月获国务院、中央军委授予的“国家杰出贡献科学家”荣誉称号和一级英雄模范奖章。1995年1月获“1994年度何梁何利基金优秀奖”。1999年，中共中央、国务院、中央军委决定，授予他“两弹一星功勋奖章”。 2006年10月获“中国航天事业50年最高荣誉奖” 。

著有《工程控制论》、《论系统工程》、《星际航行概论》等。

2009年9月10日，在中央宣传部、中央组织部、中央统战部、中央文献研究室、中央党史研究室、民政部、人力资源社会保障部、全国总工会、共青团中央、全国妇联、解放军总政治部等11个部门联合组织的“100位为新中国成立作出突出贡献的英雄模范人物和100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物”评选活动中，钱学森被评为“100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物”。

附钱学森生前学习和工作过的加州理工的一位好友撰写的纪念钱老的文章：

http://pr.caltech.edu/periodicals/CaltechNews/articles/v36/tsien.html

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　官方公布钱学森生平 开创中国十一个“第一”

（摘自：中国新闻网）

 

中国各界十一月六日在北京八宝山送别著名科学家钱学森，现场发放的钱学森生平中称赞其为“中国共产党的优秀党员，忠诚的共产主义战士，享誉海内外的杰出科学家和中国航天事业的奠基人”。钱学森是中国科学院、中国工程院资深院士，中国人民政治协商会议第六届、七届、八届全国委员会副主席。该生平中以十一个“第一”概括出钱学森对中国航天和国防科技事业作出的卓越贡献：
——一九五六年，参与筹备组建中国导弹航空科学研究领导机构航空工业委员会，受命负责组建中国第一个火箭、导弹研究机构——国防部第五研究院，并兼任院长。
——一九五六年，设立空气动力研究室，组建了中国第一个空气动力学专业研究机构。
——一九六○年二月，指导设计的中国第一枚液体探空火箭发射成功。
——一九六○年十一月，协助聂荣臻成功组织了中国第一枚近程地地导弹发射试验。
——一九六四年六月，作为发射场最高技术负责人，同现场总指挥张爱萍一起组织指挥了中国第一枚改进后的中近程地地导弹飞行试验。
——一九六六年十月，作为技术总负责人，协助聂荣臻组织实施了中国首次导弹与原子弹“两弹结合”试验。
——一九七○年四月，牵头组织实施了中国第一颗人造地球卫星发射任务。
——一九七一年三月，组织完成“实践一号”卫星发射试验，首次获得中国空间环境探测数据，为中国研制应用卫星、通信卫星积累了经验。
——一九七二年至一九七六年，领导设计制造了中国第一艘核动力潜艇，
——一九七二年至一九七六年，指挥成功发射了中国第一颗返回式卫星。
——一九八○年五月、一九八二年十月、一九八四年四月，参与组织领导了中国洲际导弹第一次全程飞行、潜艇水下发射导弹和地球静止轨道试验通信卫星发射任务。

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　钱学森语录——悼念钱学森先生

（摘自：科学网）

爱国：
“我的事业在中国，我的成就在中国，我的归宿在中国。”
“在美国期间，有人好几次问我存了保险金没有，我说一块美元也不存。因为我是中国人，根本不打算在美国住一辈子。”
“我在美国前三四年是学习，后十几年是工作，所有这一切都在做准备，为了回到祖国后能为人民做点事。因为我是中国人。”

风骨：
“我姓钱，但我不爱钱。”
“我个人仅仅是沧海一粟，真正伟大的是党、人民和我们的国家。”

治学：
“难道搞科学的人只需要数据和公式吗？搞科学的人同样需要有灵感，而我的灵感，许多就是从艺术中悟出来的。”
“我认为今天科学技术不仅仅是自然科学与工程技术，而是人认识客观世界、改造客观世界的整个的知识体系，而这个体系的最高概括是马克思主义哲学。”
“我们不能人云亦云，这不是科学精神，科学精神最重要的就是创新。”

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　钱学森的博士论文

（宁波大学王骥教授提供）

 

1936年，钱学森从东海岸的波士顿来到西海岸的加州理工学院，拜见力学大师冯卡门，并对大师提出的问题作出精确、简明的回答。于是冯卡门欣然接纳钱学森为自己的博士研究生。

上世纪的三０年代，世界各国飞机的飞行速度和飞行高度是空军实力强弱和空战胜负的关键。当时的航空工程面临两大难题： 1.当飞机的速度接近音速时，空气的压缩对飞行器的性能有什么影响？ 2.寻求超音速飞行器的理论指导与技术设计。 美国当时的航空工业对比欧洲是处于落后阶段的，为了赢得战争，美国解决这两大难题迫在眉睫。这两个全新的课题就是钱学森博士论文的研究方向。 一九三九年钱学森以四篇博士论文获得加州理工学院航空和数学的双博士学位。这四篇论文解决了上面所述的两大难题。

钱学森论文的第一部份提出并解决了飞机在高速飞行时会产生“热障”问题。那时候没有计算器，钱学森对热的传导提出了复杂的数学计算，用一种新的近似值连续算法精确计算出飞机在高速飞行时受到空气阻力所产生的热效应。

钱学森论文的第二部份是飞机在高速飞行时，如何计算器翼表面压力的分布状况。当时航空界已知的计算方法只适用于机翼较薄、飞行速度较慢（低于零点五马赫）的飞机。冯卡门提出命题，钱学森找到了答案，师徒二人共同解决了这个航空动力学的基础问题，发表了著名的「卡门—钱学森公式」，又称「卡门—钱学森方法」。这是航空科学史上闪闪发光的一页。 “热障”理论和「卡门—钱学森公式」是所有航空飞行器的指导理论，在第二次世界大战期间以及二战以后很长一段时间，都被世界各国广泛应用于超音速飞机的设计与制造，直到电子计算器被广泛应用。

钱学森博士论文电子版下载地址：（论文中的公式均为钱老亲笔手书）

http://em.hhu.edu.cn/mechbrief/2009/Tsien_hs_1938.pdf

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　纽约时报关于钱学森的报道

 

Qian Xuesen, Father of China’s Space Program, Dies at 98 By MICHAEL WINES Published: November 3, 2009

BEIJING — Qian Xuesen, a brilliant rocket scientist who single-handedly led China’s space and military rocketry efforts after he was drummed out of the United States during the redbaiting of the McCarthy era, died on Saturday in Beijing. He was 98.

China’s state media reported the death. Mr. Qian had been frail and bedridden in recent years.

In China, Mr. Qian was celebrated as the father of Chinese rocketry, the leader of the research that produced the nation’s first ballistic missiles, its first satellite and the Silkworm anti-ship missile.

But in the United States in the 1930s and 1940s, he was no less valuable, if not so publicly celebrated, as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology.

As a student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and later as a scientist and teacher at the California Institute of Technology, Mr. Qian, also known as Tsien Hsue-shen, played a central role in early United States’ efforts to exploit jet and rocket propulsion.

As a graduate assistant at Caltech in the late 1930s, Mr. Qian helped conduct seminal research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s he helped found the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA’s premier space-exploration centers.

Mr. Qian served on the United States government’s Science Advisory Board during World War II. On the war front in Germany, he advised the Army on ballistic-missile guidance technology. At the war’s end, holding the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel, he debriefed Nazi scientists, including Werner von Braun, and was sent to analyze Hitler’s V-2 rocket facilities.
In the 1940s his mentor and colleague, the Caltech physicist Theodore von Karman, called Mr. Qian “an undisputed genius whose work was providing an enormous impetus to advances in high-speed aerodynamics and jet propulsion.” In 1949, Mr. Qian wrote a proposal for a winged space plane that the magazine Aviation Week and Space Technology, in 2007, called an inspiration for research that led to NASA’s space shuttle.

But by 1950 his American career was over. Shortly after applying for permission to visit his parents in the newly Communist China, he was stripped of his security clearance by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and accused of secretly being a Communist. The charge was based on a 1938 document of the Communist Party of the United States that showed he had attended a social gathering that the F.B.I. suspected was a meeting of the Pasadena Communist Party.Mr. Qian denied the charges, his Caltech colleagues came to his defense, and the university hired a lawyer to assist him. Mr. Qian first sought to return to China but was placed under virtual house arrest by the government; later, he sought to stay and fight the accusations, but the government sought to deport him.In 1955, Mr. Qian was sent back to China, where he was proclaimed a hero and immediately put to work developing Chinese rocketry. By many accounts, he later became a committed Communist and served on the party’s ruling body, the Central Committee.

The loyalty allegations have never been fully resolved. Aviation Week, which named Mr. Qian its man of the year in 2007, quoted Dan Kimball, a former under secretary of the Navy, as calling Mr. Qian’s deportation “the stupidest thing this country ever did.” A 1999 United States Congress report on Chinese espionage called Mr. Qian a spy, but critics say the report provides no basis other than a claim that he passed to China the secrets of the American Titan missile program, which began years after he had been deported.

Qian Xuesen was born in 1911, as the Chinese imperial government was collapsing, in Hangzhou, in eastern China. He earned a mechanical engineering degree in 1934 in Shanghai. At the age of 23 he went to the United States on a scholarship to study aeronautical engineering at M.I.T. Later, at Caltech’s Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory, Mr. Qian met Mr. von Karman, who recommended him for the Science Advisory Board and gave him the lead role in research that developed the first American solid-fuel rocket to be successfully launched.After his deportation, Mr. Qian wrote a position paper for Chinese leaders on aviation and defense, according to the state-run news service Xinhua.Under his leadership, China developed its first generation of “Long March” missiles and, in 1970, launched its first satellite. Most of China’s recent space achievements, like its manned space program, began long after Mr. Qian’s retirement.Mr. Qian never returned to the United States. In a 2002 published reminiscence, a Caltech colleague and professor, Frank Marble, stated that he believed that Mr. Qian had “lost faith in the American government” but that he had “always had very warm feelings for the American people.”

Caltech gave Mr. Qian its distinguished alumni award in 2001.

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MESHFREE METHODS: MOVING BEYOND THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, SECOND EDITION

G.R. Liu, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Key Features:
 An up-to-date overview of meshfree methods for engineering analysis
 Covers numerous meshfree methods, including EFG, MLPG, and the latest most efficient PIM, and GSM
 Presents necessary fundamentals, new theories (G space and W2 formulations) , procedures, formulations, and applications
 Examines many special properties of meshfree methods
 Discusses error estimation and adaptive analysis using meshfree methods
 Presents combined meshfree/FEM models
 Comparison studies of meshfree and FEM (finite element methods)
 Introduces latest version of the MFree2D© freely available online
About the Book:

Reflecting significant advances made in the field since the original was published, this new second edition of Mesh Free Methods: Moving Beyond the Finite Element Method systematically covers many of the most widely used meshfree methods. Addressing important new developments, especially essential theoretical aspects, this edition, updated with 70% new material, includes:
 Much more detail on fundamental concepts and key theories (G space and W2 formulations) for numerical methods
 Discussions on special properties of meshfree methods, including stability, convergence, accuracy, and efficiency, as well as the consideration of bound property
 More detailed elaboration on error estimation and adaptive analysis using meshfree methods
 Developments regarding combined meshfree/FEM models
 Comparison studies using meshfree and finite element methods
Catalog no. 82094, September 2009, Pages/Trim/Binding: 816 Hard Cover
ISBN: 1420082094 / ISBN13: 9781420082098, $149.95 / £89.00
Order e-mail: orders@taylorandfrancis.com

Website: www.crcpress.com

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Introduction to Micromechanics
Khanh Chau Le
(Institute of Mechanics, Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. Bochum, Germany)

Book Description:
This textbook is a modern introduction to micromechanics and its applications. It analyzes various continuum models of solids with evolving microstructure based on the first principles of mechanics and thermodynamics. The scope of the book fits well a one-year graduate course for engineers with basic knowledge in mechanics as well as calculus and elementary tensor analysis. For this circle of readers the emphasis is made on the material modeling and the constructive methods of solution. To help the students become more proficient, each chapter ends with exercises, of which some can be solved effectively by using the Mathematica. Difficult tasks are marked with an asterisk.

Table of Contents:
Preface
1. Phase transition
1.1 Phase mixing as energy minimizer
1.2 Broken extremals
1.3 Hysteresis loops
1.4 Dynamic phase transition
1.5 Phase mixing in higher dimensions
1.6 Finite strain theory
1.7 Fluid-gas phase transition
2. Brittle fracture
2.1 Crack formation in a bar
2.2 Stress singularity
2.3 Stress singularity near a moving crack tip
2.4 Safe equilibrium and crack growth
2.5 Crack propagation
2.6 Finite strain theory
2.7 Nonlinear crack propagation
2.8 Thermally assisted crack nucleation
3. Dislocations
3.1 Physical background
3.2 Screw dislocation
3.3 Edge dislocation
3.4 3-D dislocation loop
3.5 Peach-Koehler force and dislocation interaction
3.6 Dislocation dynamics
3.7 Dislocation model of small angle grain boundaries
3.8 Dislocation pile-ups
3.9 Statistical mechanics of dislocations
4. Crystal plasticity
4.1 Continuum dislocation theory
4.2 Anti-plane constrained shear of single crystals
4.3 Plane constrained shear of single crystals .
4.4 Single crystals de-forming in doubleslip
4.5 Plastic deformation of bi-crystals
4.6 Plane constrained shear of single-slip bi-crystals
4.7 Plane strain uniaxial extension of single-slip bicrystals
Distributions with compact supports
List of notations
Index

Series: Classical and Quantum Mechanics
ISBN: 978-1-60876-805-9

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