力学动态”文摘,第25卷,第1期,2014年01月10日

 

编辑组:http://em.hhu.edu.cn/mechbrief/bwh.html

投稿信箱:mechbrief@hhu.edu.cn

过刊浏览与下载:http://em.hhu.edu.cn/mechbrief/

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编者按:《力学动态》文摘邮件列表目前由河海大学工程力学系维护,依托于江苏省力学学会信息工作部武汉先导时代科技有限公司卓力特光电仪器(苏州)有限公司协办

      每月10日和25日发送,免费订阅、自由退订。欢迎发布信息、交流体会、共享经验

                


本期目录:

     新闻报道

      中国力学学会主办学术期刊获评“2013中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”

      教育部正式公布2012年度长江学者特聘教授、讲座教授名单

      教育部《学位授权点合格评估办法》和《博士硕士学位论文抽检办法》公开征求意见

      袁明武教授荣获APACM Congress Medal和ICACM Congress Award

     学术会议

      Call for abstracts in Minisymposium on Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials

      ICNAAM 2014; Symposium on "Analysis and Design of Multi Functional Composite Structures"

     招生招聘

      PhD Studentship in Hot Dry Rock (HDR) Reservoir Modelling

      PhD openings at Cardiff University

    学术期刊

     International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials  Volume 4, Issue 3, 2013

     计算机辅助工程 2013年第22卷第6期

     部分期刊近期目录
    网络精华

     人民日报海外版盘点:2013十大科技进展

   友情链接

   Fractional Derivative & Applications Express Vol9, No6, Dec.30, 2013

  “水的文摘”文摘第8卷第6期2013年12月20日

 

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新闻报道
 

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中国力学学会主办学术期刊获评“2013中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”

(摘自中国力学学会网站)

 

2013年12月30日,中国学术期刊(光盘版)电子杂志社、清华大学图书馆、中国学术文献国际评价研究中心联合发布“2013中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”、“2013中国国际影响力优秀学术期刊”。

中国力学学会主办的9种科技期刊获得殊荣。其中,Acta Mechanic Sinica,Acta Mechanic Solida Sinica,Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,Plasma Science and Technology,《岩土工程学报》和《工程力学》获“2013中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”;《力学学报》《力学进展》和《地震工程与工程振动》获“2013中国国际影响力优秀学术期刊”。

该评选工作采用了《中国学术期刊国际引证年报2013》的文献计量学指标,从3502种科技期刊中分别按TOP5%和TOP5%-10%选出175种具有相当国际影响力科技期刊,我学会主办期刊的各项指标在力学学科学术期刊中名列前茅。
 

 

 

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  教育部正式公布2012年度长江学者特聘教授、讲座教授名单

(摘自中国教育部网站)

 

根据《教育部关于印发<“长江学者奖励计划”实施办法>的通知》(教人〔2011〕10号)精神,经学校推荐、通讯评审、会议答辩、人选公示、评审委员会审定、聘任合同签订等程序,共确定北京大学段志生等210名2012年度长江学者特聘教授、讲座教授。现将名单予以公布。

 

附:2012年度长江学者特聘教授、讲座教授名单

 

 

 

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教育部《学位授权点合格评估办法》和《博士硕士学位论文抽检办法》公开征求意见

(摘自教育部网站)

   

为贯彻党的十八大精神和《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》,保证学位与研究生教育质量,做好学位授权点合格评估工作和博士、硕士学位论文抽检工作,国务院学位委员会、教育部制定了《学位授权点合格评估办法》(征求意见稿)和《博士硕士学位论文抽检办法》(征求意见稿),现面向社会公开征求意见。欢迎有关单位、专家及社会各界人士提出宝贵意见和建议。

《学位授权点合格评估办法》(征求意见稿)指出,学位授权点合格评估是我国学位授权审核制度的重要组成部分,每6年进行一轮,获得学位授权满6年的学术学位授权点和专业学位授权点,均须进行合格评估。该办法中的学位授权点是指经国务院学位委员会审核批准的可以授予博士、硕士学位的学科或专业学位类别。学位授权点合格评估分为学位授予单位自我评估和教育行政部门随机抽评两个阶段,以学位授予单位自我评估为主。每一轮评估的前5年为自我评估阶段,最后1年为随机抽评阶段。博士学位授权点合格评估由国务院学位委员会办公室组织实施,硕士学位授权点合格评估由各省级学位委员会组织实施.此外,新增学位授权点获得学位授权满3年后,须接受专项合格评估。

《博士硕士学位论文抽检办法》(征求意见稿),规定学位论文抽检将每年进行一次,抽检范围为上一学年度授予博士、硕士学位的论文,博士学位论文的抽检比例为10%左右,硕士学位论文的抽检比例为5%左右。具体操作过程中,每篇抽检的学位论文送3位同行专家进行评议,若有两位以上(含两位)评议意见为“不合格”的,将认定为“存在问题学位论文”;若有1位专家评议意见为“不合格”,将再送两位同行专家进行复议。若其中再有1位以上(含1位)评议意见为“不合格”的,将认定为“存在问题学位论文”。对连续多年出现“存在问题学位论文”的学位授权点,依据有关程序,做出限期整改或撤销学位授权的处理。

 

附:《学位授权点合格评估办法》和《博士硕士学位论文抽检办法》(征求意见稿)

 

 

 

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袁明武教授荣获APACM Congress Medal和ICACM Congress Award

(摘自中国力学学会网站)

   

2013年12月11-14日,由亚太计算力学学会和国际华人计算力学学会主办、新加坡计算力学学会和西安交通大学国际应用力学中心承办的“第五届亚太计算力学大会暨第四届国际计算力学研讨会”在新加坡召开,来自世界23多个国家和地区的600余位专家学者参加了本次大会,其中中国代表300人。会议研讨了计算力学各个领域的国际最新进展。北京大学袁明武教授应邀作大会报告,会上被授予亚太计算力学学会(APACM)奖项“APACM Congress Medal (Zienkiewicz Medal)”和国际华人计算力学学会(ICACM)奖项“ ICACM Congress Award”,表彰袁明武教授在计算力学领域杰出的研究成果和工程分析等领域的广泛应用。

亚太计算力学学会(The Asian-Pacific Association for Computational Mechanics)“APACM Congress Medal (Zienkiewicz Medal)”奖是颁发给那些在计算力学领域获得杰出成就,同时为亚太地区计算力学的发展做出突出贡献的学者。本奖项三年颁发一次,由执行理事会任命的APACM评奖委员会评选。

国际华人计算力学学会(International Chinese Association for Computational Mechanics)是由国际计算力学领域的华人学者组成的国际性学术组织,旨在促进计算科学和工程的发展与应用。每两年开一次国际学术研讨会并向国际计算力学领域的著名华人学者颁发多种奖项,其中“ICACM Congress Award”是最高奖项。

 

 

 

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学术会议

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Call for abstracts in Minisymposium on Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials

 

The 17th U. S. National Congress on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics that will be held June 15-20, 2014 at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. (http://www.usnctam2014.org/)

The deadline of submission is Jan 6, 2014 (next Monday). 

I am organizing a minisymposium on Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials. (http://www.usnctam2014.org/minisymposium/mechanics-multifunctional-mater...) You are welcome to submit abstracts of your latest research progress to the
conference and this session. We would be very pleased to see you in East Lansing, Michigan.

The description of the session is as follows.

Advanced multifunctional and structural materials are vital for the emerging new technologies. These include ferroelectrics, ferromagnetics, shape-memory materials, liquid crystal elastomers, superalloys, etc. In spite of the intensive efforts in the past sixty years or so, a systematic continuum formulation still appears to be elusive for general electromagnetic and deformable bodies. Moreover, the continuum theory alone may be inadequate for some of the phenomena in these multifunctional materials and a multiscale approach may be inevitable. With a strong interest in mingling of classic continuum mechanics, electrodynamics, and multiscale-multiphysics modeling, this symposium welcomes all relevant presentations including but not limited to: 
       1. Rational treatment of deformable bodies coupled with growth, biochemistry, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, etc;

2. Multiscale analysis including scaling laws, homogenization of heterogeneous materials, etc;

3. Modeling of domains/microstructures, phase boundaries/microstructural evolutions and their interactions with temperature, inhomogeneities, plasticity, fracture, and other phenomena;

4. Advances in numerical techniques relevant to the modeling of multifunctional materials;

5. Wave propagation & vibration involving these new multifunctional materials, and their coupling with electromagnetic waves;

6. Quasistatic or dynamic characterization and responses of these multifunctional and structural materials.

 

 

         

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ICNAAM 2014; Symposium on "Analysis and Design of Multi Functional Composite Structures"

 

On behalf of organizing committee, it gives us immense pleasure to invite you, your co-workers and students to the Symposium on Analysis and Design of Multi-Functional Composite Structures as part of the 12th International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Methematics (ICNAAM 2014) to be held at Rodos Palace, Rhodes, Greece, between 22--28 September 2014.

 

Symposium Synopsis

This symposium will span the broad field of multi-functional composite structures. Multi-functional composite structures are meant for performing a variety of functions apart from the primary structural function of providing strength, stiffness and stability.  Analysis and design of these materials and their structures pose additional non-trivial challenges as compared to those of conventional or traditional materials. This symposium aims at bringing together the researchers, experts and engineers in the field of multifunctional materials from designing to manufacturing to applications. It will become a platform for mutual knowledge sharing on the latest research findings across the world. As a part of the well-established ICNAAM series supported by the American Institute of Physics, this symposium invites research papers from the following fields (but not limited).

•    Linear and nonlinear mechanics of multi-functional composites
•    Constitutive modelling of multi-functional composites
•    Smart structures, adaptive structures, piezo-fiber composites
•    Coupled field analysis (mechanical – electrical – thermal – magnetic interactions)
•    Nonlinear material models
•    Optimization of multi-functional composites
•    Biomechanical applications
•    Manufacturing of multifunctional materials, etc. …

 

Instructions for submission of a paper

Abstract not exceeding 300 words should include:
•    Title
•    Authors’ names and affiliations, including email addresses
•    Description of the study’s main objective
•    Description of materials and/or methods
•    Description and importance of the results obtained
•    Keywords
Abstracts for poster and oral presentation should be emailed to the symposium organizer: rameshgupta.iisc@gmail.comor ramesh.gupta@snu.edu.in 

 

Deadline for abstract submission: Feb 14, 2014
The proceedings of ICNAAM 2014 will be published in a Special Volume of the world renowned AIP (American Institute of Physics) Conference Proceedings.  
Authors of the accepted abstracts will be invited to prepare the extended abstracts (up to 4 pages) according to the instructions: www.icnaam.org/abstract.htm
More information about the conference can be found from ICNAAM 2014’s official website http://www.icnaam.org


Chair and Organizer of ICNAAM 2014                          
Prof. Dr. Theodore Simos 

Organizer of the Symposium 
Dr. Ramesh Gupta, PhD (IISc)
Mechanical Engineering Department,
School of Engineering, 
Shiv Nadar University, 
INDIA

 

 

 

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招生招聘
-------------------------------------------

PhD Studentship in Hot Dry Rock (HDR) Reservoir Modelling

University of Greenwich -Department of Civil Engineering

A three year PhD studentship is available to undertake research on the modelling of thermal energy production from hot dry rock (HDR) reservoir.

This project is suitable for a candidate with a Master’s degree in civil/geotechnical engineering (with distinction). The successful candidate will also have experience or interests in one or more of the following: constitutive models in geomechanics, finite element analysis applied to, coupled and non-linear problems, heat and fluid transport in porous media.

The successful candidate will receive a £13,800 per annum bursary plus a contribution of up to £4,000 per annum towards the tuition fees (equivalent to the Home and EU tuition fees) during the term of the studentship, subject to performance.

Potential candidates should email Dr Ouahid Harireche (O.Harireche@ greenwich.ac.uk) or Dr Asaad Faramarzi (A.Faramarzi@greenwich.ac.uk) with any queries.

An Application Form can be downloaded from the apply button below and should be returned to the Postgraduate Research Office clearly marked “PhD Studentship in HDR reservoir modelling”.  The Application Form should be completed and returned to: postgraduateresearch@gre.ac.uk  and include: an attached pdf file of a comprehensive CV and a one page covering letter explaining your interest in the project and how it relates to past experience and present motivations.

The closing date for applications is on 15 January 2014.

 

 

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PhD openings at Cardiff University

 

Cardiff University's endowment funds have accumulated sufficiently to offer three PhD studentships to full time students.

Funding is available on the following basis:

Full-time awards

1. Two x 3-year full-time PhD studentships where 50% of the costs (fees, standard stipend and project support) are met through the endowment fund and the remaining 50% will be match funded by the School.

The cost of the studentships has been estimated as follows:

- tuition fees for a full-time Home/EU student are currently £3,900 in 2013/14; 

-Research Council minimum stipend levels are £13,726 in 2013/14 and expected to rise to £14,028 in 2014/15; 

-  an approximate costing for a three-year full award commencing October 2013:

Fees:        £12,220 
Stipend        £43,015 
Total:        £55,235 
50% funding         £27,618

2.   One J E Williams Full Studentship: one three-year studentship is available where 100% costs for PhD (fees and stipend) are met through the endowment fund. The Studentship is open to Cardiff graduates only who wish study at Cardiff or another UK University; the terms of the bequest require us to prioritise those wishing to study at Oxford University.   

This fund can also support MPhil projects.   

All three studentship(s) awards are available to Home/EU students commencing their PhD in 2014/15.

Please note that full-time award holders cannot hold either a full-time job or permanent part-time job during the award period and cannot be employed by the University (other than undertaking demonstrating and teaching in their department where these do not interfere with the progress of their research degree).

Supervisors are invited to encourage potential students to apply via the attached application forms.

The deadline for receipt of applications in Schools from students - including transcripts of marks and references – is 14 February 2014.

The School will prepare Statements of Support and rank each application received before submitting the full applications (including supporting documents) to the University Graduate College Office, Hadyn Ellis Building by 07 March 2014.

 

 

 

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    学术期刊

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

(杂志主编冷劲松教授供稿)

 

Aims & Scope

In the last decade, a wide range of smart materials and structures have been developed for aerospace, transportation, and civil engineering applications. Furthermore, there is an increased tendency to integrate smart materials with nanotechnology to develop novel materials or structures for the applications in sensors, actuators, biomaterials, multifunctional materials, structural health monitoring, etc. The combination of smart materials and nanotechnology provides many advantages, realizes novel designs that could not be achieved in traditional engineering, and also offers greater opportunities as well as challenges.

 

The central aim of International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials is to publish original results, critical reviews, technical discussion and book reviews related to this compelling research field: smart andnano materials, and their applications. We believe that the papers published in this journal will provide cutting edge information and instructive research guidance, encouraging more scientists to make their contribution to this dynamic research field.

 

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials provides a rapid forum for the dissemination of original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of Smart and Nano Materials. The journal has a distinguished editorial board with extensive academic qualifications, ensuring that the journal maintains high scientific standards and has a broad international coverage.

 

Please go to the

 http://www.tandfonline.com/action/aboutThisJournal?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tsnm to view information of the journal.

 

Manuscripts should be submitted to the journal online at http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ijsnm. Once a manuscript has been accepted for publication, it will undergo language copyediting, typesetting, and reference validation in order to provide the highest publication quality possible.

 

The topics of this journal cover the application of smart and nanomaterials in the following fields:

1)Smart materials and structures 
2)Nano and multifunctional materials

3)Autonomous materials

4)Nanocomposites

5)Bio-inspired materials and structures

6)Sensors and actuators

7)Structural health monitoring

8)Energy harvesting

9)Self-healing and self-assembly

 

 

Volume 4, Issue 3, 2013

 

Review

Theory progress and applications of dielectric elastomers

Liwu Liu, Yanju Liu & Jinsong Leng

 

Original Articles 

Electronic structure and transport properties of carbon nanotube adsorbed with a copper chain

Chengyu Yang & Quanfang Chen

 

Wind turbine blade health monitoring with piezoceramic-based wireless sensor network

Gangbing Song, Hui Li, Bosko Gajic, Wensong Zhou, Peng Chen & Haichang Gu

 

Electrical actuation and shape recovery control of shape-memory polymer nanocomposites

Fei Liang, Robert Sivilli, Jihua Gou, Yunjun Xu & Bob Mabbott

 

Fatigue analysis of piezoelectric microdevice based on a continuum damage model

Xianqiao Wang & Ken P. Chong

 

 

 

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计算机辅助工程

(杂志社于杰编辑供稿)

 

《计算机辅助工程》已于2013年11月22日开通微信公众服务平台,欢迎大家关注,抢先了解CAE业界最新资讯和《计算机辅助工程》最新动态.

《计算机辅助工程》微信公众号:CAEChina

 


2013年第22卷第6期

 

工程数值仿真与CAE算法

圆柱绕流的二维数值模拟和尾迹分析(作者:陈静涛)

轴荷对整车操稳性能影响的仿真分析(作者:赵丛琳)

消声器薄壳辐射噪声优化(作者:王东,倪子轩,李奇)

格栅对汽车前端进气影响的仿真分析(作者:王东,樊登云,易吉云)

翼型气动特性的集成优化方法(作者:刘成龙,朱晖,杨志刚)

高寒地区高铁运用安全冗余及其转向架优配解决方案(作者:朴明伟,张山,刘维玉,方吉,兆文忠)

轮轨匹配对高速列车动力学性能的影响(作者:麦国耀,戴焕云)

地铁空调机箱有限元分析(作者:凌太波,周劲松,顾悦嘉,李卓)

民用飞机水上迫降数值模拟分析(作者:徐文岷,李凯,黄勇)

基于非金属材料减振设计的小型空间飞行器模态分析(作者:李海岩,郭剑,吕静,王彬)

低空高速分瓣式头罩分离仿真分析(作者:朱学昌,喻天翔,李浩远,宋笔锋)

超声速旋转火箭弹气动特性仿真和分析(作者:陈东阳,ABBAS Laith K,芮筱亭,王强林)

柴油发电机主贮油罐有限元分析(作者:赵继成,杜坤,覃曼青,李强,段成红)

基于ANSYS的角钢局部屈曲/后屈曲等效分析(作者:吕静,郭剑,王彬,李海岩)

多色SSOR-PCGMPI+OpenMP混合编程实现(作者:林绍忠,许合伟,颉志强)

固体冲击模拟的轴对称光滑粒子法(作者:杨刚,傅奕轲,胡德安)

应用技术与技巧

汽车轻量化冲压技术及其数值模拟(作者:李彦波,刘红武)

CAE软件操作小百科(18)(作者:杨彪,何旅洋,王琪,武秀根)

行业动态与访谈

东南大学—ANSYS公司电机技术联合仿真实验室揭牌(作者:)

ANSYS发布旗舰产品新版本——ANSYS 15.0将促进结构、流体和电磁仿真前沿技术的发展(作者:)

锐意进取 再铸辉煌——2013IDAJ中国区用户年会成功举办(作者:)

美国GAMMA公司加入FVV五周年促进GT SUITE高精尖发展(作者:)

革命性CFD产品iconCFD V3.0隆重登场——CFD真正助力自主研发(作者:)

2013年总目次(作者:)

信息

《计算机辅助工程》开通微信公众服务平台(作者:)

MapleSim 6.3新功能简介(作者:)

北京理工大学2013年度LMS奖学金颁奖典礼顺利举行(作者:)

 

 

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部分期刊近期目录
 

固体力学学报 2013346

计算力学学报 2013306

工程力学 20133012

应用数学和力学 20133412

 

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网络精华
 

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人民日报海外版盘点:2013十大科技进展

(摘自科学网)

 

三中全会部署深化科技体制改革

 

11月9日至12日,党的十八届三中全会召开,会议把深化科技体制改革作为全面深化改革的重要内容进行系统部署。会议通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》明确提出深化科技体制改革、加强知识产权运用和保护、整合科技规划和资源、改革院士遴选和管理体制等。

 

三中全会关于科技体制改革的部署,既体现了与以往改革思路的继承发展,对实践中先行先试的经验予以肯定,又结合经济领域改革的大方向,突出了今后一个时期改革的重点领域和环节,为实施创新驱动发展战略、建设创新型国家提供了重要的制度设计。

 

“嫦娥三号”实现月面软着陆

 

12月14日21时11分,“嫦娥三号”在月球正面的虹湾以东地区实现软着陆。这将开创人类月球探测史的多项“首次”。月面软着陆就位探测与月球车巡视勘察二者同时进行并有机结合,将获得比以前更有意义的探测成果;在国际上首次利用测月雷达实测月壤厚度和月壳岩石结构;首次在软着陆地点利用数据转发器精确测定地月间距离,进行月球动力学研究;首次开展日地空间和太阳系外天体的月基甚低频射电干涉观测,进行太阳射电爆发与空间粒子流、光千米波辐射……

 

运-20大型运输机首飞成功

 

1月26日,我国自主发展的运-20大型运输机首次试飞取得圆满成功。运-20是中国研制的最大的飞机,其成功标志着中国跻身世界大飞机国家。

 

该型飞机是我国依靠自己的力量研制的一种大型、多用途运输机,可在复杂气象条件下执行各种物资和人员的长距离航空运输任务。运-20大型运输机的首飞成功,对于推进我国经济和国防现代化建设,应对抢险救灾、人道主义援助等紧急情况,具有重要意义。该型飞机首飞后将按计划继续开展相关试验和试飞工作。

 

“天河”超级计算机再夺冠

 

6月中旬,在德国莱比锡“2013国际超级计算大会”上,中国天河二号超级计算机跃居第41届世界超级计算机500强排名榜首。其峰值计算速度达每秒5.49亿亿次、持续计算速度达每秒3.39亿亿次。这是继2010年天河一号首次夺冠之后,中国超级计算机再次夺冠。

 

天河二号超级计算机系统内存总容量1400万亿字节,存储总容量12400万亿字节,最大运行功耗17.8兆瓦。据天河二号工程副总指挥李楠研究员介绍,天河二号运算1小时,相当于13亿人同时用计算器计算1000年,其存储总容量相当于存储每册10万字的图书600亿册。较之上届“状元”美国“泰坦”超级计算机,天河二号计算速度是它的2倍,计算密度是它的2.5倍,能效比相当。

 

神十进行载人航天应用性飞行

 

6月26日,神舟十号载人飞船返回舱在预定区域安全着陆,航天员健康出舱,天宫一号与神舟十号载人飞行任务取得圆满成功。神舟十号开创中国载人航天应用性飞行的先河。

 

此次任务的主要目的有4个:

 

一是发射神舟十号飞船,为天宫一号目标飞行器在轨运营提供人员和物资天地往返运输服务,进一步考核交会对接技术和载人天地往返运输系统的性能;

 

二是进一步考核组合体对航天员生活、工作和健康的保障能力,以及航天员执行飞行任务的能力;

 

三是进行航天员空间环境适应性和空间操作工效研究,开展空间科学实验和航天器在轨维修等试验,首次开展我国航天员太空授课活动;

 

四是进一步考核工程各系统执行飞行任务的功能、性能和系统间协调性。

 

首次测到量子反常霍尔效应

 

由清华大学薛其坤院士领衔的团队从实验中首次观测到量子反常霍尔效应,这是物理学领域基础研究的一项重要科学发现。该成果于北京时间3月15日在《科学》杂志在线发表。

 

美国科学家霍尔曾发现霍尔效应和反常霍尔效应。在一个通有电流的导体中,如果施加一个垂直于电流方向的磁场,电子的运动轨迹将产生偏转,从而在垂直于电流和磁场方向的导体两端产生电压,这个电磁输运现象就是著名的霍尔效应。而在磁性材料中不加外磁场也可以观测到霍尔效应,这种零磁场中的霍尔效应就是反常霍尔效应。其美妙之处是不需要任何外加磁场,这将推动新一代的低能耗晶体管和电子学器件的发展,可能加速推进信息技术进步的进程。

 

体细胞重编程技术重大突破

 

8月,北京大学研究团队,成功将体细胞制成多潜能性干细胞。此前,通过借助卵母细胞进行细胞核移植或使用导入外源基因的方法,哺乳动物体细胞被证明可以进行“重编程”获得“多潜能性”。邓宏魁团队的方法则更简单和安全。

 

该成果将为未来细胞治疗及器官移植提供理想的细胞来源,极大推动人类“克隆”组织和器官治疗疾病的医学研究。这一重大发现有助于人们更好地理解细胞命运决定和细胞命运转变的机制,使人类未来有可能通过使用小分子化合物的方法,直接在体内改变细胞命运。

 

制出人感染H7N9禽流感病毒疫苗株

 

10月26日,我国科学家宣布成功研发出人感染H7N9禽流感病毒疫苗株,改变了我国流感疫苗株需由外国提供的历史,为及时应对新型流感疫情提供了有力的技术支撑。

 

目前,该病毒疫苗种子株已通过中国医学科学院医学实验动物研究所新药安全评价研究中心的安全性雪貂评价实验。检测结果显示,该病毒疫苗株各项基数指标均符合流感病毒疫苗株的要求。

 

该成果的领衔者、中国工程院院士李兰娟介绍,课题组于4月3日收到H7N9病例咽拭子样本,并成功分离获得一株H7N9禽流感病毒。随后,联合课题组采用国际通行的流感疫苗种子株制备方法,通过反向遗传技术,以PR8质粒为病毒骨架,与自行分离的病毒株进行基因重排,并成功研制出H7N9流感疫苗种子株。

 

实现世界最高分辨率单分子拉曼成像

 

6月,中国科学家在国际上首次实现亚纳米分辨的单分子光学拉曼成像,将具有化学识别能力的空间成像分辨率提高到前所未有的0.5纳米。国际权威学术期刊《自然》杂志于6月6日在线发表了这项成果。

 

光的频率在散射后会发生变化,而频率的变化情况取决于散射物质的特性,这是物理学上获得诺贝尔奖的著名的“拉曼散射”。“拉曼散射光中包含了丰富的分子振动结构的信息,不同分子的拉曼光谱的谱形特征各不相同,因此,正如通过人的指纹可以识别人的身份一样,拉曼光谱的谱形也就成为科技工作者识别不同分子的‘指纹’光谱。”这项研究对了解微观世界,特别是微观催化反应机制、分子纳米器件的微观构造和包括DNA测序在内的高分辨生物分子成像,具有极其重要的科学意义和实用价值。

 

4G牌照发放助力信息消费升级

 

12月, 工信部向中国移动、中国电信和中国联通颁发了4G牌照。此举预示我国进入到一个全新的通信时代,将对包括用户网速、语音通话、移动互联网、电子商务、智慧城市等带来深远影响。据预计,到2014年,4G手机在国内市场的销量会接近1亿部,并拉动15%的消费需求。

 

工信部向三大电信运营商颁发了LTE/第四代数字蜂窝移动通信业务(TD-LTE)经营许可。此次4G牌照的发放打破了电信和联通对于固网牌照的垄断,实现了三大运营商固网+移动的格局。

 

 

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